Découvrez comment utiliser Tkinter: guide pratique pour les débutants – Première partie

Introduction:

Tkinter is a popular library in Python used for building graphical user interfaces (GUI). It is simple and easy to use, making it perfect for beginners who are new to GUI programming. In this tutorial, we will walk you through the basics of using Tkinter to create your first GUI application.

Part 1: Getting Started with Tkinter

Step 1: Installing Tkinter

Before you can start using Tkinter, you need to make sure it is installed on your system. Tkinter comes pre-installed with Python, so you don’t need to worry about downloading or installing anything extra.

Step 2: Importing Tkinter

To start using Tkinter in your Python script, you first need to import it. You can do this by adding the following line at the top of your script:

import tkinter as tk

This line imports the Tkinter library and gives it an alias of ‘tk’ for easier access.

Step 3: Creating a basic Tkinter window

Now that you have imported Tkinter, you can start creating your GUI window. Add the following code to create a simple window with a title:

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("My First Tkinter Window")
root.mainloop()

This code creates a Tkinter object called ‘root’, sets the title of the window to "My First Tkinter Window", and starts the main event loop with the ‘mainloop()’ method.

Step 4: Adding widgets to your window

Widgets are the building blocks of a GUI application in Tkinter. You can add widgets like buttons, labels, text boxes, etc., to your window to create an interactive interface. Let’s add a button to our window:

button = tk.Button(root, text="Click Me")
button.pack()

This code creates a button widget with the text "Click Me" and adds it to the window using the ‘pack()’ method.

Step 5: Handling events

Now that you have a button in your window, you can define a function to be called when the button is clicked. Add the following code to print a message when the button is clicked:

def on_button_click():
    print("Button was clicked!")

button = tk.Button(root, text="Click Me", command=on_button_click)
button.pack()

This code defines a function called ‘on_button_click()’ that prints a message to the console. The ‘command’ parameter of the button widget is set to call this function when the button is clicked.

Conclusion:

In this tutorial, we covered the basics of using Tkinter to create a simple GUI application. We learned how to create a window, add widgets to it, and handle events. In the next part of this tutorial, we will dive deeper into Tkinter and explore more advanced features. Stay tuned for Part 2!